Chuck



Apr. 24, 1923.. M

C. HERD 4 CHUCK Filed Sept. 6, 1919 I I N VEN TOR.

ATIIIORNEYJ" Patented Apr. ltd, lltlhll.

U Nl lhll) i UHARLIEEE HIRD, Ul

i at

l-lIAIEtIliGRlJ, CONNECTICUT, AlilfiltGNOlt TO E. I BALL BEARING:COMPANY, it tlUltPDR-ATTON OF CONNECTICUT, 4

CHUCK.

Application Tiled September in, 1919. Serial 1%. 3%,006.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, CHARLES time, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at llartford, in the county of Hartford and State oiConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful lniiprovements inthuclts, ol? which the following is a specification, refer ence beinghad therein to the accompanying drawing. 7

Thisinvention relates to work holding chucks and has reierence moreparticularly to the type of chuck having work holding jaws tohold thework and which rotated to rotate the work, so that the latter may besubjected to grinding or other operations.

The chuck of the present invention is designed more particularly forholding annular or ring-like work pieces, such as the casing rings ofanti-friction bearings, al though it is applicable for handling otherforms or work pieces; and the invention consists of improvedmeans foroperating the work holding jaws, preferably while the chuck is rotating,so that the work piece may be quickly released without first bringingthe chuck to rest.

. The invention consists also in the details of construction andcombination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

; Referring to the drawings:

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved chuck on the linel- -l of Fig. 2. l i

i Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line 2+2 of Fig. 1.

r Fig. 3 is a sectional :i- -e ol'llig. :1. v v

ll the accompanying drawings:

. 1 designates achuck body consisting of a elevation on the linedisk-like head 2 and hollow spindle 3 connected therewith ani'ladaptedto be fastened to a rotary drivingmeniber, such for instance, as thearmature shaft 41: of a motor 5, so that the chuck will be rotated. bythe motor.

The head is provided with a workseat to receive the work. In the presentinst nce, this work seat is in the formof a detachable plate 6 appliedto the front face of the chuck head and; formed with a circular opencavity in which the work A, in the present instance of annular form,seats and is heldfirmly in place by means of work holding jaws 7. In theparticular term of the chuck illustrated, there are two work holdingjaws disposed at diametrically opposite points on the chuck head andpivoted between their ends by means of pivot pins 8 in radial slots 9 inthe outer edge of the head, the said jaws extending in the generaldirection of the axis of the chuck. Each ofthe jaws consists of a bodyportion 7 through which the pivot pin passes, and a jaw proper 7"extending forwardly from the body portion and turned inwardly at itsextremity towards the center of the chuck and constituting a workclamping linger which overhangs the work piece on the work seat. As aresult of the foregoing construction, when the jaws are rocked on theirpivots, the clamping fingers will move in or out and will engage ordisengage the work according to the direction of movement,

The jaw proper 7" is detach-ably connected with the body portion 7 bymeans of a stem 79 connected with the jaw proper and. extendingrearwardly through the body portion, the rear projecting end of the stembeing threaded to receive a confining nut '7, which when screwed upagainst the rear end of the body portion, will secure the j aw properfirmly but detachably to the body portion. The purpose of this:detachable connection of the jaw proper with the body portion is toenable other and difierent sized jaws to be substituted, to accommodatework: pieces of different sizes as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1,it being understood that to; accommodate such diiierent sized workpieces, different work seat plates will be employed according to thediameter and thickness of the work piece.

At its rear end the body portion of the jaw is reduced in diameter toliorina journal l and an annular shoulder 10 at the forward end of thejournal, and a roller 11 is loosely mounted on the journal and confinedbetween the shoulder and the confining nut 7 before alluded to. Therollers of the two jaws are acted on by a jaw actuating member 13 soformed and constructed that when moved in one position relatively to thechuck body, it will force the inner ends oi. the aws outwardly and applya clamp lug pressure thereto to cause the outer ends of the jaws toengage and hold the work on the seat,and when moved to another position,the inner ends of the jawswill be released from pressure and they willbe permitted to move inwardly and release the work.

This jaw actuating member is in the form of a sleeve 13 looselysurrounding the chuck spindle 3 and is provided on its forward end withan annular outwardly extending flange 13 whose peripheral edge is formedwith two cam surfaces 13 and with two intervening cavities 13", whichcam surfaces and cavities co-operate with the rollers 11 on the jaws.The cam surfaces extend in curves which are eccentric to the axis of thesleeve. each cam surface extending from its lowest point at one end ofone cavity, to

its highest point at the adjacent end of the other cavity. As a result,when the sleeve and awe are shifted relatively to each othercircumferentially in the direction of the full line arrows in Fig. 3,the rollers on the jaws will ride up on the cam surfaces. and the jawswill be moved outwardly at their inner ends, and their outer ends willbe caused to engage the work piece; and when the parts are movedrelatively circumferentially in the opposite direction, the rollers willride back towards the lower ends of the cam surfaces, thereby relievingthe jaws of their clamping pressure, and finally the rollers will arriveopposite the respectivecavities. whereupon they will be seatedin thecavities by spring actuated plungers 14 mounted in guiding openings inthe chuck head and hearing at their outer ends against the respectivejaws at a point a short distance in front of their pivotal axes. In thisaction of the aws, the outer clamping ends will be moved outwardly andaway from the work and the latter will be released.

The relative movements of the cam sleeve and chuck head to effect theabove described actions are effected and controlled in the presentinstance by means of a controlling device in the form of a frame 15which loosely surrounds the inner end of the sleeve 1.3 of the jawactuating member, the said frame being provided at one side with anoperating handle 16, and at the opposite side with a. weighted portion17, which latter acts to hold the frame with the handle in an uprightposition. The handle is formed with a guiding opening extendingtherethrough in which is mounted a plunger or bolt 18, the inner end ofwhich is adapted to engage in any one of a number of notches 19 formedat intervals around the exterior of the sleeve 13 the outer end of theplunger extending through and being exposed at the outer end of thehandle. The plunger is acted on by a spiral spring 20 encircling theplunger within the guide opening and bearingat its outer end against anannular shoulder 18 on the plunger and bearing at'its inner end againsta shoulder 21 formed on the interior of the guiding opening, themovement of the plunger being limited by a screw 22 extending throughthe side of the handle and engaging at its inner end in a slot 23 in theside of the plunger. The spring thus tends to urge the plunger outwardlyand maintain the inner end of the same free of the notches in thesleeve, but by grasping the handle and pressing against the exposed endof the plunger. its inner end may be engaged in one of the notches inthe sleeve, thereby for the time being connecting the frame 15operatively with the sleeve.

The operation of the parts is as follows:

lVith the chuck at rest and the rollers on the jaws seated in thecavities in the cam sleeve, the outer ends of the jaws will be heldoutwardly away from the work seat by the spring plungers 14-. In thisposition of the parts. the frame 15 will be held with the handle in anupright position, and the plunger 18 will be held by its springdisengaged from the notches in the cam sleeve. The work piece is now setin place on the work seat, and the operator grasps the handle andpresses the plunger in to engage its inner end with the cam sleeve, andhe then swings the handle around. This action will turn the cam sleeveand cause the cam surfaces to ride against the rollers on the clampingjaws in the direction of the full line arrow in Fig. 3. and the jawswill be moved outwardly at their inner ends and inwardly at their outerends, which latter will engage and clamp the work against its seat, thewedging action of the cam surfaces against the rollers. holding the jawsin firm engagement with the work. The operator new releases the plunger18, whereupon it will be thrust outwardly by its spring and disengagedfrom the cam sleeve, and the handle being released by the operator. theframe will be turned back by the weighted portion thereof and the handlebrought to an upright position. The motor is now set in operation torotate the chuck. and when the operation on the work is completed and itis desired to release the work piece to permit a new one to besubstituted. the driving power for the motor is cut off, and as it slowsdown, the operator again grasps the handle and thrusts the plungerinwardly in engagement with the cam sleeve, and the operator holdingonto the handle, the rotation of the cam sleeve will be arrested. Thechuck'head, however, continues its motion by momentum and carries theclamping jaws around in the direction of the dotted arrows in Fig. 3,whereby the rollers on the jaws will be relieved of the pressure of thecam surfaces and they will finally arrive opposite the cavities 18,whereupon the spring plungers 14 acting on the jaws will rock them ontheir pivots and cause the rollers to seat in the cavities, in

which action the outer ends of the jaws will be swung outwardly anddisengaged from the work leased.

In the operation of the device above described, the jaws are operated torelease the work without first bringing the chuck to rest, therebyeffecting a quick release; but the illventionis not confined to theoperation in this manner, as the cam sleeve may be shifted by the handleto operate the jaws to release the work, after the chuck has come to afull stop, the rotation of the cam sleeve in one direction relatively tothe chuck head acting to move the inner ends of the clamping jawsoutwardly, and the rotation of the cam sleeve in the opposite directionacting to relieve the cam jaws of clamping pressure and per mitting thesame to be moved by the spring plungers 14- to release the work.

In the foregoing description and accom panying drawings, I have setforth my inpiece, and the latter will be revention. in the particulardetailed form which I prefer to adopt and which in prac tice has beenfound to answer to a satisfactory degree the ends to be attained. It isa manifest, however, that these details may be not limited to anyparticular form or convariously changed and modified without departingfrom the limits of the invention, and it will be understood that theinvention is struction of the parts, except in so far as suchlimitations are specified in the claims. Having thus described myinvention, what I claim is: j i i 1. In a chuck, the combination of arotary body provided with a work seat, a work clamping jaw pivotedbetween its ends on i said body to move radially at its inner end inclamping and releasing the work at its outer end, a jaw actuating membermovable circumferentially relativelyto the body and provided with aperipheral cam so formed that when the actuating member is movedcircumterentially in one direction the cam will engage and positivelymove the inner -end of the jaw radially outward and cause its outer endto positively clamp the work, and when moved in the opposite directionthe cam will relieve the inner end of the jaw and permit its outer endto release the work,

a controlling device for the jaw actuating freely rotatable with thechuck body, and means for releasably engaging the controlling devicewith the jaw actuating member at will.

2. In a chuck, the combination of a rotary body provided with a workseat, a work clamping jawpivoted between its ends on the body to moveradially at its inner end in clamping and releasing the work at itsouter end, a jaw actuating member movable cir cumferentially relativelyto the body and provided with a peripheral cam surface and with a cavityassociated with the end of said cam surface, the cam surface being soformed that when the actuating member is moved circumferentially in onedirection the cam will engage and move the inner end of the jaw radiallyoutward and will cause its outer end to clamp the work, and when movedin the opposite direction the cam will relieve the inner end of the jawand permit said end to enter the cavity and be held thereby and releasethe work, a controlling device for the jaw actuating member in re lationto which said member is freely rotatable with thechuck body, and meansfor releasably engaging the controlling device with the jaw actuatingmember at will.

3. In a chuck, the combination of a rotary body provided. with a workseat, a work clamping jaw pivoted between its ends on said body to moveradially at its inner end in clamping and releasing the work at itsouter end, and a jaw actuating member movable circumferentiallyrelatively to the body and provided with a peripheral cam so formed thatwhen the actuating member is moved circumferentially in one direction,the cam will engage and positively move the inner end of the jawradially outward and cause its outer end to positively clamp the work,and when moved in the opposite direction, the cam will relieve the innerend of the jaw and permit its outer end to release the work.

in testimony whereof, I have aflixed my signature hereto.

CHARLES HIRD.

member in relation to which said member is

